Blood brain barrier refers to a set of special tight junctions formed around the microvasculature of the brain to gain the optimal neural functioning. The primary function of blood brain barrier is to protect the brain from harmful toxins that are potentially present in the blood stream and allows the passage of lipid soluble, oxygen and carbon dioxide to perform the normal cellular function of brain. In a way to protect brain from noxious agents the blood brain barrier also significantly hinders the delivery of therapeutics to brain.
This makes treatment of brain disorders and infections difficult due to specialized uptake of the drugs by the blood brain barrier. Recent advancement allow the drugs to be delivered directly to the cerebro-spinal fluids but are still less effective to breach the brain tissue because of tortuous nature of interstitial spaces of brain.
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The global market for drug delivery across the blood brain barrier is still emerging under the influence of rise in central nervous system disorders and growing need for targeted drug delivery. Use of several transport enzymes and receptors such as human insulin receptors, transferrin receptors and nanoparticles combined drug is expected to drive this market in the coming years. Significant developments in programmable infusion devices and discovery of various non-conventional route of brain drug administration such as nasal delivery will enhance the adoption and recognition of devices and techniques.
Some of the key players in this market include Ablynx NV, AngioChem, Inc., Bioasis Technologies, Inc., Cognition Pharmaceuticals LLC,Diamedica, Inc., Pfizer andRoche Pharmaceuticals.
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